Published 2024-12-31
Keywords
- In-service Education,
- Psychiatric Nursing,
- Technology
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: The use of technologies to improve the quality of care in psychiatric nursing remains unclear. Objectives: This integrative review aims to clarify the contents of an in-service education program for psychiatric nurses. Method: The review was conducted between September 2023 and March 2024 using PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and CINAHL databases. Result: The search returned 4993 studies, of which 50 were included in the final analysis. The results were integrated into six categories: 1) theory-based in-service educational programs; 2) nursing care using technology in various nursing situations; 3) nursing to promote the recognition of persons as participants in their care rather than as objects of care; 4) measures that ensure patient safety, such as prevention of falls and medication errors; 5) psychiatric nurses’ roles and responsibilities in addressing ethical and legal issues in the care of patients with mental illness; and 6) technological competence and caring in psychiatric nursing. Conclusion: Integrating technology into psychiatric nursing improves efficiency and safety while prioritizing ethical practices, empathy, training, equitable access, and patient dignity.
References
- Abate, A. W., Desalegn, W., Teshome, A. A., Chekol, A. T., & Aschale, M. (2023). Level of shared decision making and associated factors among patients with mental illness in Northwest Ethiopia: Explanatory sequential mixed method study. PloS One, 18(4), 0283994. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283994
- Abbe, J. R., & O’Keeffe, C. (2021). Continuous Video Monitoring: Implementation Strategies for Safe Patient Care and Identified Best Practices. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 36(2), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000502
- Ahn, S., & Yi, Y. (2022). Factors influencing mental health nurses in providing person-centered care. Nursing Ethics, 29(6), 1491–1502. https://doi.org/10.1177/09697330221089076
- Ali, S., Kleib, M., Paul, P., Petrovskaya, O., & Kennedy, M. (2022). Compassionate nursing care and the use of digital health technologies: A scoping review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 127, 104161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104161
- Alshammari, M. H., & Alenezi, A. (2023). Nursing workforce competencies and job satisfaction: The role of technology integration, self-efficacy, social support, and prior experience. BMC Nursing, 22(1), 308. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01474-8
- Alyousef, S. M., & Alhamidi, S. A. (2023). Nurse views of obstacles encountered by nurses in Saudi Arabia during the provision of psychiatric care. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 44, 8–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2023.03.005
- Arcega, J., Autman, I., Guzman, B., Isidienu, L., Olivar, J., O’Neal, M., & Surdilla, B. (2020). The Human Touch: Is Modern Technology Decreasing the Value of Humanity in Patient Care? Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 43(3), 294–302. https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000314
- Bahm, A., & Forchuk, C. (2009). Interlocking oppressions: The effect of a comorbid physical disability on perceived stigma and discrimination among mental health consumers in Canada. Health & Social Care in the Community, 17(1), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2524.2008.00799.x
- Barrera, A., Gee, C., Wood, A., Gibson, O., Bayley, D., & Geddes, J. (2020). Introducing artificial intelligence in acute psychiatric inpatient care: Qualitative study of its use to conduct nursing observations. Evidence Based Mental Health, 23(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2019-300136
- Bollos, L. A. C. L., Zhao, Y., Soriano, G. P., Tanioka, T., Otsuka, H., & Locsin, R. (2023). Technologies, Physician’s Caring Competency, and Patient Centered Care:A Systematic Review. The Journal of Medical Investigation: JMI, 70(3.4), 307–316. https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.70.307
- Bostrom, A. C. (2016). Technological Advances in Psychiatric Nursing. Nursing Clinics of North America, 51(2), 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2016.01.001
- Boykin, A., & Schoenhofer, S. O. (2001). Nursing as caring: A model for transforming practice. Jones & Bartlett.
- Brimblecombe, N., Quist, H., & Nolan, F. (2019). A mixed‐methods survey to explore views of staff and patients from mental health wards prior to introduction of a digital early warning system for physical deterioration. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 26(3–4), 65–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12511
- Browne, G., & Courtney, M. (2005). Housing, social support and people with schizophrenia: A grounded theory study. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 26(3), 311–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840590915694
- Callan, J. A., Wright, J., Siegle, G. J., Howland, R. H., & Kepler, B. B. (2017). Use of Computer and Mobile Technologies in the Treatment of Depression. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31(3), 311–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2016.10.002
- Cervellin, G., Borghi, L., & Lippi, G. (2014). Do clinicians decide relying primarily on Bayesians principles or on Gestalt perception? Some pearls and pitfalls of Gestalt perception in medicine. Internal and Emergency Medicine, 9(5), 513–519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-014-1049-8
- Chaffin, A. J., & Adams, C. (2013). Creating Empathy Through Use of a Hearing Voices Simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 9(8), e293–e304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2012.04.004
- Clifford, L., Crabb, S., Turnbull, D., Hahn, L., & Galletly, C. (2020). A qualitative study of medication adherence amongst people with schizophrenia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 34(4), 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2020.06.002
- Covidence systematic review software. (2023). [Computer software]. Veritas Health Innovation. www.covidence.org
- Dammeyer, J., & Chapman, M. (2018). A national survey on violence and discrimination among people with disabilities. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 355. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5277-0
- Delaney, K. R., Shattell, M., & Johnson, M. E. (2017). Capturing the Interpersonal Process of Psychiatric Nurses: A Model for Engagement. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31(6), 634–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2017.08.003
- Ellis, H., & Alexander, V. (2016). Eradicating Barriers to Mental Health Care Through Integrated Service Models: Contemporary Perspectives for Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 30(3), 432–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2016.01.004
- Fontesse, S., Rimez, X., & Maurage, P. (2021). Stigmatization and dehumanization perceptions towards psychiatric patients among nurses: A path-analysis approach. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35(2), 153–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2020.12.005
- Gordon, M. (1994). (n.d.). Nursing Diagnosis: Process and Application (3rd ed., Vol. 1). St. Louis: Mosby.
- Guo, J., Liu, K., Liao, Y., Qin, Y., & Yue, W. (2024). Efficacy and feasibility of aerobic exercise interventions as an adjunctive treatment for patients with schizophrenia: A meta-Analysis. Schizophrenia, 10(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-023-00426-0
- Ha, J., Kim, Y., & Baek, S. (2021). Risk factors for self-harm in psychiatric wards: A judicial case analysis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35(2), 178–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2021.02.002
- Handerer, F., Kinderman, P., Timmermann, C., & Tai, S. J. (2021). How did mental health become so biomedical? The progressive erosion of social determinants in historical psychiatric admission registers. History of Psychiatry, 32(1), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154X20968522
- Hasselberg, M. J. (2020). The Digital Revolution in Behavioral Health. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 26(1), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390319879750
- Hilty, D. M., Chan, S., Torous, J., Luo, J., & Boland, R. J. (2019). Mobile Health, Smartphone/Device, and Apps for Psychiatry and Medicine. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 42(3), 513–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2019.05.007
- Hopia, H., Latvala, E., & Liimatainen, L. (2016). Reviewing the methodology of an integrative review. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 30(4), 662–669. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12327
- Hsiao, C., Lu, H., Chiu, C., & Tsai, Y. (2023). Factors associated with attitudes of mental health nurses towards the importance of families in mental health nursing care. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 32(5), 1429–1438. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.13187
- Jiang, T., Canevello, A., & Crocker, J. (2023). Compassionate goals, responsiveness, and well-being. Current Opinion in Psychology, 52, 101634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101634
- Kaite, C. P., Karanikola, M., Merkouris, A., & Papathanassoglou, E. D. E. (2015). “An Ongoing Struggle With the Self and Illness”: Α Meta-Synthesis of the Studies of the Lived Experience of Severe Mental Illness. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 29(6), 458–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2015.06.012
- Kelly, J., Jayaram, H., Bhar, S., Jesto, S., & George, K. (2019). Psychotherapeutic skills training for nurses on an acute aged mental health unit: A mixed‐method design. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 28(2), 501–515. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12555
- Knight, F., Ridge, D., McShane, R., Ryan, S., & Griffith, L. (2017). Care, Control, and the Electroconvulsive Therapy Ritual: Making Sense of Polarized Patient Narratives. Qualitative Health Research, 27(11), 1675–1685. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732317701403
- Korhonen, E. S., Nordman, T., & Eriksson, K. (2015). Technology and its ethics in nursing and caring journals: An integrative literature review. Nursing Ethics, 22(5), 561–576. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733014549881
- Küçük Öztürk, G., & Özdil, K. (2022a). The window to the world for individuals with mental disorders: A qualitative study about social media. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 39, 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2022.03.001
- Küçük Öztürk, G., & Özdil, K. (2022b). The window to the world for individuals with mental disorders: A qualitative study about social media. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 39, 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2022.03.001
- Kwon, S., Firth, J., Joshi, D., & Torous, J. (2022). Accessibility and availability of smartphone apps for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia, 8(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-022-00313-0
- Lee, K., Bejerano, I. L., Han, M., & Choi, H. S. (2019). Willingness to use smartphone apps for lifestyle management among patients with schizophrenia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 33(4), 329–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2019.01.002
- Lee, Y., Kim, S. K., & Eom, M.-R. (2020). Usability of mental illness simulation involving scenarios with patients with schizophrenia via immersive virtual reality: A mixed methods study. PLOS ONE, 15(9), e0238437. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238437
- Letlape, H. R., Koen, M. P., Coetzee, S. K., & Koen, V. (2014). The exploration of in-service training needs of psychiatric nurses. Health SA Gesondheid (Online, 19(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v19i1.763
- Li, H., Lewis, C., Chi, H., Singleton, G., & Williams, N. (2020). Mobile health applications for mental illnesses: An Asian context. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102209
- Liemburg, E. J., Nolte, I. M., investigators, P. H. A. M. O. U. S., Klein, H. C., & Knegtering, H. (2018). Relation of inflammatory markers with symptoms of psychotic disorders: A large cohort study. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 86, 89–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.006
- Liu, W.-I., Liu, C.-H., Liao, C.-Y., Chao, P.-R., & Chu, K.-C. (2020). Mobile community learning programme’s effectiveness in case management for psychiatric nurses: A preliminary randomised controlled trial. Nurse Education Today, 85, 104259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104259
- Locsin, R. C. (2005). Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing: A Model for Practice. Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing Press.
- Locsin, R. C. (2017). The co-existence of technology and caring in the theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing. Journal of Medical Investigation, 64(1–2), 160–164. https://doi.org/10.2152/jmi.64.160
- Locsin, R. C., Campling, A. S., Purnell, M. J., Tulloch, S. P., Kissel, K., & Wilson, G. Z. (2010). The lived experience of persons with life-sustaining cardiac devices. International Journal for Human Caring, 14(1), 44–50.
- Locsin, R. C., & Purnell, M. (2015). Advancing the theory of technological competency as caring in nursing: The universal technological domain. International Journal for Human Caring, 19(2), 50–54. https://doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710-19.2.50
- Markiewicz, R., & Dobrowolska, B. (2021). Initial Results of Tests Using GSR Biofeedback as a New Neurorehabilitation Technology Complementing Pharmacological Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia. BioMed Research International, 2021, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5552937
- Meredith, P., Yeates, H., Greaves, A., Taylor, M., Slattery, M., Charters, M., & Hill, M. (2018). Preparing mental health professionals for new directions in mental health practice: Evaluating the sensory approaches e‐learning training package. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 27(1), 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12299
- Mink, J. (2021). The NursingAI framework for technology-related competencies for nursing practice (TCNP). https://zenodo.org/record/5607242
- Mirhaghi, A., Sharafi, S., Bazzi, A., & Hasanzadeh, F. (2017). Therapeutic relationship: Is it still heart of nursing? Nursing Reports, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/nursrep.2017.6129
- Moeller, A. M., Hansen, J. P., & Andersen, P. T. (2022). Patients’ experiences of home-based psychotherapy via videoconference: A qualitative study. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 39, 91–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2022.03.004
- Murai, T., Tohyama, T., & Kinoshita, M. (2014). Recurrent diarrhea as a manifestation of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior case reports, 2, 57–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebcr.2014.03.007
- Nakao, M., Shirotsuki, K., & Sugaya, N. (2021). Cognitive–behavioral therapy for management of mental health and stress-related disorders: Recent advances in techniques and technologies. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 15(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-021-00219-w
- Ng, Y. P., Rashid, A., & O’Brien, F. (2017). Determining the effectiveness of a video-based contact intervention in improving attitudes of Penang primary care nurses towards people with mental illness. PLOS ONE, 12(11), e0187861. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187861
- Oliveira, L. C. D., Menezes, H. F. D., Oliveira, R. L. D., Lima, D. M. D., Fernandes, S. F., & Silva, R. A. R. D. (2020). Mobile care service for psychiatric urgencies and emergencies: Perception of nursing workers. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 73(1), e20180214. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0214
- Özalp, G. (2022). Developing An Ethical Approach Assessment Scale For Psychiatric Patients. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2022.35582
- Pepito, J. A., & Locsin, R. (2018). Can nurses remain relevant in a technologically advanced future? International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(1), 106–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.09.013
- Rezayat, F., Mohammadi, E., & Fallahi‐khoshknab, M. (2019). The process of responding to stigma in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and families: A grounded theory study. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, ppc.12468. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12468
- Sarikoc, G., Attoe, C., Elcin, M., & Ortega Vega, M. (2022). Simulated Patients’ Beliefs Towards Mental Illness. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 67, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2022.02.013
- Schröder, A., & Ahlström, G. (2004). Psychiatric care staff’s and care associates’ perceptions of the concept of quality of care: A qualitative study. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 18(2), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2004.00271.x
- Shaygan, M., Hosseini, F. A., Shemiran, M., & Hedayati, A. (2023). The effect of mobile-based logotherapy on depression, suicidal ideation, and hopelessness in patients with major depressive disorder: A mixed-methods study. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 15828. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43051-8
- Sprenger, M., Mettler, T., & Osma, J. (2017). Health professionals’ perspective on the promotion of e-mental health apps in the context of maternal depression. PLOS ONE, 12(7), e0180867. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180867
- Stewart, D., Burrow, H., Duckworth, A., Dhillon, J., Fife, S., Kelly, S., Marsh-Picksley, S., Massey, E., O’Sullivan, J., Qureshi, M., Wright, S., & Bowers, L. (2015). Thematic analysis of psychiatric patients’ perceptions of nursing staff. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 24(1), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12107
- Stuart, G. (2016). Ethics and advocacy in psychiatric nursing practice. Indian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 11(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-1505.262305
- Sveinbjarnardottir, E. K., Svavarsdottir, E. K., & Wright, L. M. (2013). What are the benefits of a short therapeutic conversation intervention with acute psychiatric patients and their families? A controlled before and after study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50(5), 593–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.10.009
- Swanson, M. (1991). Dimensions of caring interventions. Nursing Research, 40, 161–166.
- Takenoshita, S., Terada, S., Yoshida, H., Yamaguchi, M., Yabe, M., Imai, N., Horiuchi, M., Miki, T., Yokota, O., & Yamada, N. (2019). Validation of Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination III for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia in Japan. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 123. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1120-4
- Taşdemir Yiğitoğlu, G., Çunkuş Köktaş, N., & Özgün Öztürk, F. (2023). Opinions of Depression Patients About Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Radiology Nursing, 42(1), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jradnu.2022.11.003
- Tehranineshat, B., Rakhshan, M., Torabizadeh, C., & Fararouei, M. (2019). Compassionate Care in Healthcare Systems: A Systematic Review. Journal of the National Medical Association, 111(5), 546–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2019.04.002
- Tsubonouchi, C., Kinoshita, Y., & Nomura, N. (2022). The patient-authored medical record: A narrative path to a new tool in psychiatric nursing. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 39, 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2022.03.009
- Tsunematsu, K., Fukumoto, Y., & Yanai, K. (2021). Ethical Issues Encountered by Forensic Psychiatric Nurses in Japan. Journal of Forensic Nursing, 17(3), 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1097/JFN.0000000000000333
- Varpula, J., Välimäki, M., Lantta, T., Berg, J., Soininen, P., & Lahti, M. (2022). Safety hazards in patient seclusion events in psychiatric care: A video observation study. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 29(2), 359–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12799
- Ventura, C. A. A., Austin, W., Carrara, B. S., & De Brito, E. S. (2021). Nursing care in mental health: Human rights and ethical issues. Nursing Ethics, 28(4), 463–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733020952102
- Walker, V. G. (2022). Elder’s life course theory and person‐centered research: A lens for conducting ethical nursing research and mental health nursing practice with older adults aging with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 29(6), 904–914. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12819
- Watson, A. J., Giordano, A., Suckling, J., Barnes, T. R. E., Husain, N., Jones, P. B., Krynicki, C. R., Lawrie, S. M., Lewis, S., Nikkheslat, N., Pariante, C. M., Upthegrove, R., Deakin, B., Dazzan, P., & Joyce, E. M. (2023). Cognitive function in early-phase schizophrenia-spectrum disorder: IQ subtypes, brain volume and immune markers. Psychological Medicine, 53(7), 2842–2851. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721004815
- Weir, H., & Waddington, K. (2008). Continuities in caring? Emotion work in a NHS Direct call centre. Nursing Inquiry, 15(1), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1800.2008.00391.x
- White, C. J. (2021). An inevitable response? A lived experienced perspective on emergency responses to mental health crises. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 28(1), 90–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12631
- Whittemore, R. (2005). Combining evidence in nursing research: Methods and implications. Nursing Research, 54(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-200501000-00008
- Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: Updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(5), 546–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x
- Wilkin, K., & Slevin, E. (2004). The meaning of caring to nurses: An investigation into the nature of caring work in an intensive care unit. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 13(1), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2004.00814.x
- Wong, A. H., Ray, J. M., Auerbach, M. A., Venkatesh, A. K., McVaney, C., Burness, D., Chmura, C., Saxa, T., Sevilla, M., Flood, C. T., Patel, A., Whitfill, T., Dziura, J. D., Yonkers, K. A., Ulrich, A., & Bernstein, S. L. (2020). Study protocol for the ACT response pilot intervention: Development, implementation and evaluation of a systems-based Agitation Code Team (ACT) in the emergency department. BMJ Open, 10(6), 036982. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036982
- Wynn, M., Garwood-Cross, L., Vasilica, C., & Davis, D. (2023). Digital nursing practice theory: A scoping review and thematic analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 79(11), 4137–4148. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15660
- Xue, W., & Heffernan, C. (2021). Therapeutic communication within the nurse–patient relationship: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 27(6), e12938. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12938
- Yen, S.-Y., Huang, X.-Y., & Chien, C.-H. (2020). The self-stigmatization of patients with schizophrenia: A phenomenological study. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 34(2), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2020.02.010
- Yu, Q., Wong, K.-K., Lei, O.-K., Nie, J., Shi, Q., Zou, L., & Kong, Z. (2022). Comparative Effectiveness of Multiple Exercise Interventions in the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine - Open, 8(1), 135. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-022-00529-5
- Zhu, X., Li, M., Liu, P., Chang, R., Wang, Q., & Liu, J. (2020). A mobile health application-based strategy for enhancing adherence to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 34(6), 472–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2020.08.001
- Zrínyi, M., Pakai, A., Lampek, K., Vass, D., Siket Újváriné, A., Betlehem, J., & Oláh, A. (2023). Nurse preferences of caring robots: A conjoint experiment to explore most valued robot features. Nursing Open, 10(1), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1282.